The Second Voyage 1772-1775
On the second voyage Cook
sailed on H. M. S. Resolution, crossed the Antarctic Circle and
circumnavigated Antarctica. He mapped Tonga and Easter Islands and
discovered New Caledonia, the South Sandwich Islands, and South
Georgia. When he returned to England he was made captain, elected a
Fellow of the Royal Society, and awarded the Copley Medal for his
paper on the prevention of scurvy. Each of the stamps shows a track of
Cook's course at various times during the voyage.
Larcum Kendall was
commissioned to make a replica of John Harrison's H-4 watch to
demonstrate that it could be replicated. It was completed in 1770 and
James Cook took K-1, as the watch was called, on his second voyage.
When Cook returned he reported, "Mr. Kendall's watch
exceeded the expectations of its most zealous advocate and by being
now and then corrected by lunar observations has been our faithful
guide through all vicisiitudes of climates."
Cook also carried Kendall's watch on his third
expectation. Unfortunately, he was killed by Hawaiians at Kealakekua
Bay. According to the account at the time K-1 stopped ticking at the
moment of Cook's death.
The Third Voyage 1776-1779
Cook
sailed in 1776 to seek a Northwest Passage between the Atlantic and
the Pacific Oceans. He discovered and charted the Hawaiian Islands. He
charted the west coast of North America from Nootka Sound north to the
Bering Strait, searching in vain for the fabled passage. He returned
to the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) where he was killed at Kealakekua on
February 14, 1779.
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